Colectomy in Turkey | Indications, techniques & recovery

What is a colectomy?

The colon, the longest part of the large intestine, continues from the small intestine for about 1.5 meters. Its main function is to absorb water from the stool, making it less fluid.

Colon surgery, known as colectomy, involves removing a portion or the entire affected colon. After this resection, the intestinal passage is restored by stitching or connecting the two remaining parts of the intestine.

In some cases, particularly when healing of this connection is a concern, an artificial anus or stoma may be created, often temporarily, to ensure proper evacuation of stool.

Would you like to learn more about colectomy and discover the services offered by Turquie Santé to support you? Contact our dedicated team today for a free teleconsultation.

When is a colectomy indicated?

Colon surgery is generally recommended in the following situations:

• Ulcerative colitis: a chronic inflammation of the colon that may require partial or total removal.
• Colorectal cancer: in the case of a malignant tumor, removal of the affected segment is often necessary.
• Complicated diverticulitis: inflammation or infection of small pouches (diverticula) in the colon, especially in the sigmoid colon.
• Crohn's disease: when this inflammatory condition causes severe damage or complications in the colon.

If you are experiencing persistent digestive symptoms (abdominal pain, bowel disturbances, bleeding, etc.) or have been diagnosed with a condition that may require colon surgery, it is crucial to consult an experienced gastrointestinal surgeon.

A personalized approach allows for a thorough evaluation of the need for surgery, a clear understanding of the procedure, and the selection of the most suitable surgical technique (open surgery or laparoscopy, with or without a stoma).

Types of colectomy in Turkey

Depending on the portion of the colon to be removed, several types of colectomy can be considered. Each one aims to remove only the diseased section while preserving digestive function as much as possible.

Regardless of the type of colectomy performed, two surgical approaches are possible:

• Open surgery: involves a large incision in the abdomen to provide direct access to the colon. It may be recommended in complex or emergency cases.
• Laparoscopic (minimally invasive) surgery: involves several small incisions through which a camera (laparoscope) and specialized instruments are inserted. This method allows for faster recovery, less postoperative pain, and smaller scars.

Preparing for a Colectomy: Steps Before the Procedure

Before undergoing colon surgery, several key steps must be followed to optimize surgical conditions and ensure the patient's safety.

Bowel preparation

The preoperative process usually begins with bowel preparation, which involves:

• Following a clear liquid diet for 24 to 48 hours before the surgery,
• Taking strong laxatives prescribed by the medical team,
• Sometimes undergoing an enema.

The goal is to completely empty the colon to provide the surgeon with a clear view of the area to be treated and reduce the risk of infection during and after the procedure.

Colonoscopy: Assessing the condition of the colon

Before the operation, a diagnostic colonoscopy may be performed. This involves inserting a thin, flexible tube equipped with a camera through the rectum into the colon. This examination helps to:

• Detect polyps, precancerous lesions, or colon cancer,
• Confirm the presence of inflammation, as in Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis,
• Precisely define the area to be removed in order to plan a targeted intervention.

Recovery after colectomy: what to expect?

After a colectomy, the body needs time to adjust to the new configuration of the digestive system. It's completely normal to experience temporary bowel disturbances, such as irregular stools (constipation or diarrhea),bloating, or mild abdominal discomfort.

Dietary adjustment

To support healing and reduce digestive symptoms, a low-residue diet is often recommended. This diet favors easily digestible foods and limits fiber, which can irritate the colon during recovery.

This diet is typically temporary and gradually adjusted based on the patient's progress.

In case of a stoma

In some cases, a stoma may be necessary, such as a colostomy or ileostomy. This is an opening created in the abdominal wall to allow stool to be evacuated into an external pouch.

Patients with a stoma are supported by specialized nurses who teach them how to properly care for the stoma, manage daily hygiene, and regain confidence in their social life.

Follow-up and additional treatments

Depending on the reason for the colectomy, particularly in the case of colorectal cancer, additional treatment may be needed after surgery, such as:

• Chemotherapy
• Or regular follow-up exams (blood tests, imaging, oncology consultations)

Postoperative follow-up is essential to monitor healing, prevent complications, and ensure a safe return to normal life.

Finally, a balanced diet, adequate hydration, and light physical activity (such as walking) help speed up recovery. These habits are also crucial to reduce the risk of recurrence and improve long-term quality of life.